class 10 science chapter 6 control and coordination most important q&a

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This chapter explains how living organisms respond to stimuli through various mechanisms. it explores the nervous system and hormonal control in animals and plants. Key topics include reflex actions, the human brain, coordination in plants, and the role of hormones in both plants and animals

Question 1: What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?

answer: Reflex action is an involuntary and immediate response to a stimulus, such as pulling your hand back from a flame. Walking, on the other hand, is a voluntary action that requires conscious control and coordination by the brain.

Question 2: What happens at the synapse between two neurons?

Answer: At the synapse, an electrical impulse in the axon of one neuron trigger the release of chemicals (neurotransmitters). These chemicals cross the synaptic gap and initiate a similar electrical impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.

Question 3: Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?

Answer: The cerebellum, located in the hind-brain, is responsible for maintaining posture and equilibrium of the body.

Question 4: How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?

Answer: The smell of an agarbatti is detected by olfactory receptors located in the nose. These receptors send signals as electrical impulses through neurons to the brain, where the smell is interpreted.

Question 5: What is the role of the brain in reflex action?

Answer: In most reflex actions, the spinal cord processes the information and sends a response without involving the brain, ensuring quick reactions. However, the brain receives the information for further analysis and learning.

Question 6: What are the three major parts of the human brain, and what are their functions?

Answer:

  1. Fore-brain: Responsible for thinking, decision-making, voluntary actions, and sensory-information processing.
  2. Mid-brain: Acts as a relay for sensory and motor signals.
  3. Hind-brain: Includes the cerebellum and medulla; it controls involuntary actions and maintains posture and balance.

Question 7: Why do we perceive less taste when our nose is blocked?

Answer: The sense of taste is closely linked to the sense of smell. When the nose is blocked, olfactory receptors cannot detect aromas, which reduces the ability to fully perceive the flavor of flood.

Question 8: How do muscles respond to nervous electrical impulses?

Answer: Muscles respond to nervous electrical impulses by using special proteins within their cells. These proteins change and arrangement, causing the muscle to contract and create movement.

Question 9: What is a reflex arc, and where is it formed?

Answer: A reflex arc is the neural pathway involved in a reflex action. It is formed in the spinal cord, connecting the sensory and motor nerves to ensure quick responses.

Question 10: What part of the hind-brain controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat and breathing?

Answer: The medulla in the hind-brain controls involuntary actions like heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure.

Question 11: What are plant hormones?

Answer: Plant hormones are chemical substances that coordinate growth, development, and responses to the environment in plants.

Question 12: How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?

Answer: The movement of leaves in a sensitive plant is independent of growth and occurs quickly due to changes in water content in cells. In contrast, the movement of of a shoot towards light is a slow, growth-dependent process.

Question 13: Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth.

Answer: Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes growth by elongating cells.

Question 14: How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support?

Answer: Auxins accumulate on the side of the tendril away from the point of contact with support, causing cells on that side to grow longer, which results in the tendril curving around the support

Question 15: Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Answer:

  • Take a moist soil-filled container and insert a porous tube filled with water at one side.
  • Plant a seed in the middle of the container.
  • Observe the root growth direction after a few days.
  • The roots will grow towards the water source, demonstrating hydrotropism.

Question 16: How does chemical coordination take place in animals?

Answer: Chemical coordination in animals occurs through hormones secreted by endocrine glands, which are transported via the bloodstream to target organs, causing specific physiological changes.

Question 17: Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?

Answer: Iodised salt is advisable because iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroxin by the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism. A deficiency can lead to goitre.

Question 18: How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?

Answer: When adrenaline is secreted, the heart beats faster, breathing rate increases, blood flow to the digestive system and skin reduces, and blood is redirected to skeletal muscles to prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response.

Question 19: Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin?

Answer: Diabetes patients are treated with insulin injections to regulate blood sugar levels, as their pancreas may not produce sufficient insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

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  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4
  • Chapter 5
  • Chapter 6 Control and Coordination
  • Chapter 7
  • Chapter 8
  • Chapter 9
  • Chapter 10
  • Chapter 11
  • Chapter 12
  • Chapter 13

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